中医杂志

通过梳理目前学界关于象思维特征的主要观点，对比其中异同并将象思维的特征总结为整体性、功能性、变易性。再以此三个特征为核心，对照概念思维，认为在其影响下中医术语的特点有三，即具有体用合一、道器不二的特点；存在指称功能化的特点；呈现建构过程性、指称存在内在变易的特点。在此基础上，剖析当下脱离象思维主体性的一些中医术语误读现象，如受概念思维影响，将物质之气与功能之气分割对立，将功能性的脏腑概念做实体化解读。并提出在西方哲学研究发生语言转向的学术背景下，主体在语言建构中的作用愈加彰明，孕育在主客合一象思维境域中的中医术语应坚持文化主体立场，建构符合自身特色的知识体系。

By reviewing the main perspectives in current scholarship on the characteristics of xiang （象） thinking, comparing their similarities and differences, this paper summarizes the features of xiang thinking as holism, functionality, and variability. Taking these three characteristics as the core and contrasting with conceptual thinking, it argues that under the influence of xiang thinking, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) terminology shows three distinctive traits. Firstly, the unity of body and function, and the non-duality of dao （道） and its manifestations; Secondly, functionalization in referential use; Thirdly, a constructive, processual nature with inherent variability in reference. Based on this, this paper analyzes some contemporary misinterpretations of TCM terminology that detach from the subjectivity of xiang thinking, such as the conceptual thinking-influenced division and opposition of material qi and functional qi, and the reification of the functional zang-fu concepts. It is further proposed that, in the context of the linguistic turn in western philosophical studies emphasizing the subject's role in language construction, TCM terminology rooted in the xiang thinking realm of subject-object unity should uphold a culturally subjective stance and construct a knowledge system consistent with its own characteristics.